The negative effect of coffee on the heart depends on the genetic features.
Such conclusion has drawn international team of scientists from the University of Toronto, Harvard School of Public Health and the University of Costa Rica, after research with 4,028 Costa Ricans. Caffeine, which is a part of coffee, is transformed by means of liver enzyme cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP 1A2). Depending on the version of a gene, which controls the work of these enzymes, the splitting of caffeine by different people can be faster and slower.
The study included 2014 Costa Ricans, who transmitted one myocardial infarction, and 2014 Costa Ricans, who do not suffer from heart diseases. All participants answered questions related to frequency of coffee consumption. They also carried out genetic tests to determine the specific variant of gene CYP 1A2.
Genetic tests have shown that «slow» variant of gene had 55% of people experienced heart attacks and 54% of people from the control group.
By people with «slow» variant gene, who drank 2-3 cups of coffee per day, the risk of myocardial infarction was 36% higher than those who drank less than 1 cup of coffee. With the use of 4 or more cups of coffee per day the risk of heart attack rose to 64%. People elder than 50 were in the most danger.
By people with «fast» variant gene, who drank up to 3 cups of coffee per day, the risk of heart attack was even lower than by people who used less than 1 cup per day, but with doses increasing this effect was not observed.
«One cup of coffee per day do not do any harm, not depending on genetic features», – considers the author of study Ahmed el-Sohemy. More coffee volume can be harmful or harmless, but people who do not know which version of the gene they have, the best of all would be to observe moderation
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Tags: caffeine, heart
